Maize
MAIZE
How many varieties have been developed by PARC and which are the varieties recommended for general cultivation?
Ans. Maize varieties developed/released under cooperative research programme of PARC at various research institutes in Pakistan:
|
VARIETIES |
INSTITUTE |
TYPE |
COLOUR |
MATURITY DAYS |
|
GAUHER |
NARC, Islamabad |
Semi Dent |
White |
90-95 |
|
KASHMIR GOLD |
NARC, Islamabad |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
110 |
|
DEHQAN |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
110 |
|
FAISAL |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
100 |
|
GOLDEN PEARL |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
120 |
|
AFRAT |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Flint |
Yellow |
100 |
|
SUNEHRI |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
100 |
|
SULTAN |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
AGAITI‑85 |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
90 |
|
GOLDEN |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
AGAITI‑2002 |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
90 |
|
SAHIWAL‑2002 |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
MMRI Yellow |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
CHANDNI |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Flint |
White |
110 |
|
EHSAN |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
100 |
|
MANAWAR |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
110 |
|
SARHAD WHITE |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
105 |
|
SARHAD YELLOW |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
110 |
|
KISSAN |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
|
NEW SHAHEEN |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Flint |
White |
75 |
|
AZAM |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
|
PAHARI |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
110 |
|
JALAL |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
100 |
|
Iqbal |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
105 |
Maize varieties in pipeline under cooperative research programme of PARC at various research institutes in Pakistan:
|
VARIETIES |
INSTITUTE |
TYPE |
COLOUR |
MATURITYDAYS |
|
SOAN-3 |
NARC, Islamabad |
Semi Dent |
White |
85 |
|
ISLAMABADWHITE |
NARC, Islamabad |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
|
ISLAMABADGOLD |
NARC, Islamabad |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
95 |
|
EV-6098 |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
White |
115 |
|
POP 2004 |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
100 |
|
BS01 |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
Varieties recommended currently for general cultivation:
|
VARIETIES |
INSTITUTE |
TYPE |
COLOUR |
MATURITYDAYS |
|
KASHMIR GOLD |
NARC, Islamabad |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
110 |
|
GOLDEN |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
AGAITI‑2002 |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
90 |
|
SAHIWAL‑2002 |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
CHANDNI |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Flint |
White |
110 |
|
MMRI YELLOW |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
SARHAD WHITE |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
105 |
|
SARHAD YELLOW |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
110 |
|
KISSAN |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
|
AZAM |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
|
PAHARI |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
95 |
|
JALAL |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
100 |
|
IQBAL |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
110 |
How many hybrids have been developed by PARC and which are the hybrids recommended for general cultivation?
Ans. Maize hybrids developed/released under cooperative research programme of PARC at various research institutes in Pakistan:
|
HYBRIDS |
INSTITUTE |
TYPE |
COLOUR |
MATURITYDAYS |
|
BABAR Currently cultivated |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
115 |
|
GHOURI Currently cultivated |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
115 |
|
KARAMAT Currently cultivated |
CCRI, Pirsabak |
Semi Dent |
White |
110 |
|
FSH-810 Currently cultivated |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
YOUSAFWALA HYBRID Currently cultivated |
MMRI, Yousafwala |
Semi Dent |
Yellow |
115 |
|
NARC 2704 |
NARC, ISLAMABAD |
Semi Dent |
White |
100 |
Which are the recommended fertilizers and their doses per acre?
Ans.
Essential nutrients required for improved varieties to enhance production of maize are:
-
Nitrogen: 120 kg/ha
-
Phosphorus: 60 kg/ha
-
Potassium: 60 kg/ha.
The quantity of fertilizers used will be:
Urea = 5.0 bags/ha 1.5 bag at sowing, 1.5 bag at 3-4 leaf stage, 1.0 bag at knee height and 1.0 bag before flowering
-
DAP = 2.5 bags/ha at sowing
-
K2O = 2.5 bags/ha 1.5 bag at sowing and 1.0 bag at knee height
Essential nutrients required for hybrids to enhance production of maize are:
-
Nitrogen: 160 kg/ha
-
Phosphorus: 80 kg/ha
-
Potassium: 60 kg/ha.
The quantity of fertilizers used will be:
Urea = 6.5 bags/ha 2.0 bag at sowing, 1.5 bag at 3-4 leaf stage, 1.5 bag at knee height and 1.5 bag before flowering
-
DAP = 3.5 bags/ha at sowing
-
K2O = 2.5 bags/ha 1.5 bag at sowing and 1.0 bag at knee height
What are the sources of seed availability?
Ans. Availability of quality seed of improved varieties/hybrids is very limited. It could be available from all relevant research institutes in Public sector and all Private seed companies dealing in maize.
Which are the major diseases and insect pests of maize and how these can be controlled?
Ans.
-
Major diseases are:
Stalk Rot and Leaf Blight
Both can be minimized through seed treatment by suitable fungicides such as Vitavex, Benlate.
-
Insect Pests:
Insect pests of economic importance are:
Stem Borer and Shoot Fly
Both can be controlled by application of insecticides such as Furadan Granules @ 20 kg/ha in the whorl at 3-4 leaf stage of the crop or crop can be sprayed at the same initial stage or later if necessary by application of Karate, Monitor, Fenvelerate, Sumicidin @ 650-1000 ml/ha
What are the major recommendations for farmers to improve maize production?
Ans.
|
Variety/Hybrid |
As recommended by the Agricultural Research Institutes and/or Private seed companies according to the areas. |
|
Seed Rate |
30 kg/ha |
|
Plant Density |
75,000 - 80,000 plants/ha |
|
Sowing Method |
Line sowing on ridges with row to row distance of 60-70 cm and plant to plant distance of 20-25 cm. |
|
Deep Tillage |
In rainfed areas, deep tillage practice is essential for the preservation of moisture in the soil. It may be done by Mould Board Plough or by Raja Hall. |
|
Fertilizers |
For varieties: Urea : 5.0 bags/ha For hybrids: Urea : 6.5 bags/ha DAP : 2.5 bags /ha DAP : 3.5 bags/ha Potash : 2.5 bags/ha Potash : 2.5 bags/ha |
|
Weed Control |
Chemical method of weeds control is easy, time saving and economical. Primextra Gold: 1.0 litre/ha just after maize sowing Where prenial weeds like Baru grass are present especially in rainfed areas, then also spray Round Up: 3.5-5.0 litre/ha before land preparation on standing weeds depending upon the density. (For perennial weeds) |
|
Irrigation |
In irrigated areas, timely and proper irrigation according to the area, temperature is essential. |
How can we get fodder and grains from maize fields?
Ans. Divide the field as per fodder requirement such as 1:3, 1:4 etc. Plant maize for grain at low density as recommended above and plant fodder part at high density and use for fodder as and when required. This will give fodder as well as grains without loosing grain production.
Resource Person
|
Dr. M. Shafiq Zahid (PSO) |
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